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Poland sends Ukraine 23 mm shells

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Ukraine has sent Poland 5,000 23 mm APDS-T (Armour Piercing Discarding Sabot - Tracer) rounds to Ukraine as aid. The current type is currently unconfirmed, however it does seem as if they are  23 x 152 mm for ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft cannons. There is an option for Ukraine to receive another 66,000 23 mm rounds.  Links:  Breaking Defense ,  23 x 152 mm shell specs

HCR plastic armour: Technically, the first composite armour?

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Composite armour is no stranger to anyone who knows modern tanks, or tanks at all. It's usually told that the T95 experimental medium tank  was the first to feature it. However, reportedly in August 1943, with the headaches of shaped charges, namely the Panzerfaust and Panzershreck anti-tank weaponry that were introduced in 1942 and 1943 respectively. At the time, the Panzerschreck produced, in German and Finnish tests , around 230 mm of penetration against standard RHA steel at 90 degrees, which lowered to 160 mm at 60 degrees, then 95 mm at 30 degrees. This was impressive, even for around 1 or 2 years after World War 2, where HEAT weaponry was beginning to be mastered by all nations. In Finnish tests, FHA steel was used, where at 30 degrees, the Panzershreck penetrated 100 mm of FHA. For comparison, the  M47 Patton had around ~180 mm of CHA (LOS thickness), dead-centre on the hull which was angled at around 56 to 60 degrees.  In post-war  US tests of captured enem...

The USA gave Ukraine Javelin ATGMs that exceeded its service life

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The USA  sent Ukraine 300 Javelins as we all know, however what is undiscussed is the fact they're old and presumably have reduced reliability. Below displays an image of the exact same order of Javelins that were sent to Ukraine. The order is "DAAH01-00-C-0108", and below here according to  this website , for the same order: "Date Signed The date that a mutually binding agreement was reached. The date signed by the Contracting Officer or the Vendor, whichever is later.:  06/24/2003 Effective Date The date that the parties agree will be the starting date for the contract's requirements. :  06/24/2003 Current Completion Date For an initial award, the scheduled contract completion date for the base contract and any options exercised at the time of the award. For modifications that exercise options, the revised scheduled completion date for the base contract and the exercised options.:  03/06/2006" …and this image below (taken from US Army manual for the Javel...

The performance of the T-55 Enigma in the Gulf War

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Perhaps no vehicle of the Iraqi Armoured Corps is as iconic as the mystical T-55 "Enigma". Other than a handful of remaining samples in museums, and in both military and private collections, most appear to have been destroyed in 1991.  With an unexpectedly hostile international response to the Invasion of Kuwait in 1990, the Iraqi Army found it had led itself into a corner. With only a few Republican Guard Divisions being well-equipped with somewhat modern military equipment, the rest still depleted since the Iran-Iraq war, desperate measures would be taken. Since by 1991 the T-55s and Type 59s which were the bulk of the Iraqi Armoured Corps were grossly outmatched by the Coalition's Abrams and Challenger tanks, yet new more modern tanks could not be obtained due to the massive debts incurred during the Iran-Iraq war, more crude solutions were undertaken.  Disabled Iraqi T-55 tank at the Jalibah Airfield (link 4) It is not known exactly how many T-55's were converted ...

Happy Republic Day, India!

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It's now 26th of January, 2022. 26th of January was also the same date that, in 1950, the Republic of India was formed and where the Constitution of India came into effect. More  here . As such, it would be a pity to not respect and celebrate the birth of one of the militarily strongest in Asia, with an undoubtedbly long and interesting history and culture. With at least 8 races as a multiracial country, a 9000-year long history, etc, etc. As such, happy 73rd Republic Day to the Republic of India!

The Soviet MILES systems - "Zorkiy" and 1K77 "Radar" and their successors

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The MILES, standing for "Multiple Integrated Laser Engagement System" is a Western training system made first by Xerox Electro-Optical Systems in the US Army's Engineering Development program, first entering service in 1979. Surely this could not be the only one? And that is right. The USSR had also developed a similar system starting 1986, in the "Tochpribor" Design Bureau (ЦКБ «Точприбор») which specialised in sighting systems and optical instruments for the Army. This development was intended to provide the Soviet Army with three systems for two types of units; the regular infantry and the armoured corps. The regular infantry received the 9F824 "Besstrashiye", or "Fearlessness". For heavy armoured fighting vehicles like tanks and for IFVs, they received two systems - the 1K77 "Radar" and the "Zorkiy" respectively. A BMP-1 mounting the "Zorkiy" system, seen atop its main gun, whilst the infantry beside it bears...

Collection of images of the T-90M with the fifth PNM-T mounting

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 Taken from:  "Between The Lines" Между Строк Cleaning the barrel. Loading an inert high-explosive training shell 3OF26IN. (Original) (Edited) 2A46M gun without thermal shroud.